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tutoriaux:install-email-server:install-email-server-part-1

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tutoriaux:install-email-server-part-1 [2022/08/02 10:23] – [Upgrading Postfix] fratertutoriaux:install-email-server:install-email-server-part-1 [2023/01/06 18:10] (Version actuelle) – créée - modification externe 127.0.0.1
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 I assume you have a sudo user on your Debian server. I assume you have a sudo user on your Debian server.
  
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 By design, when installing Debian you're required to create an user, I do recommends to keep this user as "backup" access and create a new ''setup user'' account (you can disable it after installing/configuring option). By design, when installing Debian you're required to create an user, I do recommends to keep this user as "backup" access and create a new ''setup user'' account (you can disable it after installing/configuring option).
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 <code bash>exit</code> <code bash>exit</code>
  
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 It's usually a good idea to reboot the server to ensure that the hostname change is effective It's usually a good idea to reboot the server to ensure that the hostname change is effective
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 | AAAA         | mail  | <IPv6-address>  | | AAAA         | mail  | <IPv6-address>  |
  
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 If you use Cloudflare DNS service, you should not enable the CDN (proxy) feature when creating A and AAAA record for mail.example.com. Cloudflare does not support SMTP or IMAP proxy. If you use Cloudflare DNS service, you should not enable the CDN (proxy) feature when creating A and AAAA record for mail.example.com. Cloudflare does not support SMTP or IMAP proxy.
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 To edit the reverse DNS record for your  VPS, log into the  client area, then open a support ticket and tell them to add PTR record for your server IP addresss to point the IP address to mail.your-domain.com. It’s not convenient, you might think, but this is to keep spammers away from the platform, so legitimate email senders like us will have a great IP reputation. To edit the reverse DNS record for your  VPS, log into the  client area, then open a support ticket and tell them to add PTR record for your server IP addresss to point the IP address to mail.your-domain.com. It’s not convenient, you might think, but this is to keep spammers away from the platform, so legitimate email senders like us will have a great IP reputation.
  
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 Gmail will actually check the A record of the hostname specified in the PTR record. If the hostname resolves to the same IP address, Gmail will accept your email. Otherwise, it will reject your email. Gmail will actually check the A record of the hostname specified in the PTR record. If the hostname resolves to the same IP address, Gmail will accept your email. Otherwise, it will reject your email.
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 You will be asked to select a type for mail configuration. Normally, you will want to select the second type: ''Internet Site''. You will be asked to select a type for mail configuration. Normally, you will want to select the second type: ''Internet Site''.
  
-{{ tutoriaux:debian-postfix-setup.png |}}+{{ tutoriaux:debian-email:debian-postfix-setup.png |}}
  
   * **No configuration** means the installation process will not configure any parameters in the ''/etc/postfix/main.cf'' file.   * **No configuration** means the installation process will not configure any parameters in the ''/etc/postfix/main.cf'' file.
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 Next, enter your domain name for the system mail name, i.e. the domain name after @ symbol. For example, my email address is thierry@example.com, so I entered ''example.com'' for the system mail name. This domain name will be appended to addresses that don’t have a domain name specified.  Next, enter your domain name for the system mail name, i.e. the domain name after @ symbol. For example, my email address is thierry@example.com, so I entered ''example.com'' for the system mail name. This domain name will be appended to addresses that don’t have a domain name specified. 
  
-{{ tutoriaux:debian-postfix-config-hostname.png |}}+{{ tutoriaux:debian-email:debian-postfix-config-hostname.png |}}
  
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 Note that if you enter a sub-domain like ''departement.example.com'', you will be able to receive emails destined for ''@departement.example.com'' addresses, but not be able to receive emails destined for ''@example.com'' addresses. Note that if you enter a sub-domain like ''departement.example.com'', you will be able to receive emails destined for ''@departement.example.com'' addresses, but not be able to receive emails destined for ''@example.com'' addresses.
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 <code bash>sudo ss -lnpt | grep master</code> <code bash>sudo ss -lnpt | grep master</code>
  
-{{ tutoriaux:debian-postfix-lmpt-port.png |}}+{{ tutoriaux:debian-email:debian-postfix-lmpt-port.png |}}
  
 Postfix ships with many binaries under the ''/usr/sbin/'' directory, as can be seen with the following command. Postfix ships with many binaries under the ''/usr/sbin/'' directory, as can be seen with the following command.
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 Then scan open ports on the mail server with an [[https://www.ipvoid.com/port-scan/|online port scanner]]. Enter your mail server’s public IP address and select scan all common ports. Then scan open ports on the mail server with an [[https://www.ipvoid.com/port-scan/|online port scanner]]. Enter your mail server’s public IP address and select scan all common ports.
  
-{{ tutoriaux:debian-postfix-smtp-port-open.png |}}+{{ tutoriaux:debian-email:debian-postfix-smtp-port-open.png |}}
  
 You can see from the above screenshot that TCP port 25 is open on my mail server. You can see from the above screenshot that TCP port 25 is open on my mail server.
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 In this simple command, sendmail reads a message from standard input and make “test email” as the message body, then send this message to your Gmail account. You should be able to receive this test email in your Gmail inbox (or spam folder). You can see that although we didn’t specify the from address, Postfix automatically append a domain name for the from address. That’s because we added our domain name in **system mail name** when installing Postfix. In this simple command, sendmail reads a message from standard input and make “test email” as the message body, then send this message to your Gmail account. You should be able to receive this test email in your Gmail inbox (or spam folder). You can see that although we didn’t specify the from address, Postfix automatically append a domain name for the from address. That’s because we added our domain name in **system mail name** when installing Postfix.
  
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 The From: domain name is determined by the myorigin parameter (aka system mail name) in Postfix, not by the myhostname parameter. The From: domain name is determined by the myorigin parameter (aka system mail name) in Postfix, not by the myhostname parameter.
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 </code> </code>
  
-{{ tutoriaux:debian-postfix-alias.png |}}+{{ tutoriaux:debian-email:debian-postfix-alias.png |}}
  
 This way, emails for //postmaster@example.com// and //root@example.com// will be delivered to //username@example.com//. Now you can save and close the file. Then rebuild the alias database with the ''newaliases'' command This way, emails for //postmaster@example.com// and //root@example.com// will be delivered to //username@example.com//. Now you can save and close the file. Then rebuild the alias database with the ''newaliases'' command
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 <code bash> <code bash>
 sudo newaliases sudo newaliases
-/code>+</code>
  
 ==== Using IPv4 Only ==== ==== Using IPv4 Only ====
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 If you run ''sudo apt update'' command then ''sudo apt upgrade'' in the future, and the system is going to upgrade Postfix, you might be prompted to choose a configuration type for Postfix again. This time you should choose ''No configuration'' to leave your current configuration file untouched. If you run ''sudo apt update'' command then ''sudo apt upgrade'' in the future, and the system is going to upgrade Postfix, you might be prompted to choose a configuration type for Postfix again. This time you should choose ''No configuration'' to leave your current configuration file untouched.
  
-{{ tutoriaux:debian-postfix-update.png |}}+{{ tutoriaux:debian-email:debian-postfix-update.png |}}
  
 {{page>install-email-server-footer}} {{page>install-email-server-footer}}
tutoriaux/install-email-server/install-email-server-part-1.txt · Dernière modification : 2023/01/06 18:10 de 127.0.0.1

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