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back2root:archives:denthor:part-07 [2021/09/02 11:05] – créée fraterback2root:archives:denthor:part-07 [2021/09/05 14:00] (Version actuelle) – [In Closing] frater
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 <code> <code>
 There they sit, the preschooler class encircling their mentor, the substitute teacher. There they sit, the preschooler class encircling their mentor, the substitute teacher.
-"Now class, today we will talk about what you want to be when you grow up. Isn't that fun?" The teacher looks  around and spots the child, silent, apart from the others and deep in thought. "Jonny, why don't you start?" she encourages him. +"Now class, today we will talk about what you want to be when you grow up. Isn't that fun?"  
-Jonny looks around, confused, his train of thought disrupted. He collects himself, and stares at the teacher with a steady eye. "I want to code demos," he says, his words becoming stronger and more confidant as he  speaks. "I want to write something that will change peoples perception of reality. I want them to walk away from the computer dazed, unsure of their footing and eyesight. I want to write something that will reach out of the screen and grab them, making heartbeats and breathing slow to almost a halt. I want to write something that, when it is finished, they are reluctant to leave, knowing that nothing they experience that day will be quite as real, as insightful, as good. I want to write demos."+The teacher looks  around and spots the child, silent, apart from the others and deep in thought. "Jonny, why don't you start?" she encourages him. 
 +Jonny looks around, confused, his train of thought disrupted. He collects himself, and stares at the teacher with a steady eye.  
 +"I want to code demos," he says, his words becoming stronger and more confidant as he speaks.  
 +"I want to write something that will change peoples perception of reality. I want them to walk away from the computer dazed, unsure of their footing and eyesight." 
 +"I want to write something that will reach out of the screen and grab them, making heartbeats and breathing slow to almost a halt." 
 +"I want to write something that, when it is finished, they are reluctant to leave, knowing that nothing they experience that day will be quite as real, as insightful, as good. I want to write demos."
 Silence. The class and the teacher stare at Jonny, stunned. It is the teachers turn to be confused. Jonny blushes, feeling that something more is required.  "Either that or I want to be a fireman." Silence. The class and the teacher stare at Jonny, stunned. It is the teachers turn to be confused. Jonny blushes, feeling that something more is required.  "Either that or I want to be a fireman."
  
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 </code> </code>
  
 +==== Code Source ====
  
 +=== PASCAL ===
  
 +<code pascal>
 +(*****************************************************************************)
 +(*                                                                           *)
 +(* TUT7.PAS - VGA Trainer Program 7 (in Pascal)                              *)
 +(*                                                                           *)
 +(* "The VGA Trainer Program" is written by Denthor of Asphyxia.  However it  *)
 +(* was limited to Pascal only in its first run.  All I have done is taken    *)
 +(* his original release, translated it to C++, and touched up a few things.  *)
 +(* I take absolutely no credit for the concepts presented in this code, and  *)
 +(* am NOT the person to ask for help if you are having trouble.  -Snowman    *)
 +(*                                                                           *)
 +(* Program Notes : This program demonstrates animation.  Several of the      *)
 +(*                 functions have been converted to assembler.  This         *)
 +(*                 tutorial is a whopper, so just take your time.            *)
 +(*                                                                           *)
 +(* Author        : Grant Smith (Denthor)  - denthor@beastie.cs.und.ac.za     *)
 +(*                                                                           *)
 +(*****************************************************************************)
  
 +{$X+}
 +USES crt;
  
 +CONST VGA = $a000;
  
 +Type Toastinfo = Record                 { This is format of of each of our }
 +                 x,y:integer;              { records for the flying toasters }
 +                 speed,frame:integer;
 +                 active:boolean;
 +               END;
  
 +     icon = Array [1..30*48] of byte;  { This is the size of our pictures }
  
 +     Virtual = Array [1..64000] of byte;  { The size of our Virtual Screen }
 +     VirtPtr = ^Virtual;                  { Pointer to the virtual screen }
  
 +CONST frame1 : icon = (
 +0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,
 +7,7,7,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,
 +5,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,8,8,7,7,7,7,7,7,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,5,5,7,7,7,7,7,8,8,7,8,8,7,8,7,8,7,7,7,5,8,8,8,8,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,
 +5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,7,7,7,7,7,7,8,7,7,7,8,7,7,7,7,7,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,8,5,5,5,
 +5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,7,7,8,8,7,7,8,7,7,8,7,7,7,7,7,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,7,8,8,8,7,7,8,7,7,8,7,7,7,
 +7,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,7,8,8,8,7,7,
 +8,8,8,8,8,8,7,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,
 +9,5,7,8,8,8,8,8,7,7,8,8,7,7,7,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,5,7,7,8,8,8,8,7,7,8,8,7,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,
 +1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,5,7,8,8,7,7,8,8,7,8,8,8,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,5,7,8,8,7,7,7,7,8,8,7,7,7,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,7,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,7,
 +7,7,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,7,
 +7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,
 +1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,4,
 +4,6,6,6,6,6,6,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,3,3,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
 +);
 +      frame2 : icon = (
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,5,
 +5,5,5,5,5,5,5,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,
 +1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,5,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,
 +5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,1,7,1,4,
 +4,6,6,6,6,6,6,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,5,5,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,3,3,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,5,5,
 +5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,9,9,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,
 +1,7,7,1,7,1,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,1,7,7,7,1,1,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,1,1,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,
 +5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
 +);
 +      frame3 : icon = (
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,9,9,9,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,7,7,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,7,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,7,1,1,7,7,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,5,5,5,1,7,7,7,7,5,5,5,5,5,5,
 +5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,7,1,7,7,7,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,1,1,1,7,7,
 +1,1,7,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,7,1,1,7,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,1,7,7,7,1,7,7,7,7,7,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,1,7,7,7,7,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,1,1,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,7,7,1,7,1,7,1,1,
 +1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,
 +7,7,7,7,7,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,
 +5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,7,7,0,0,7,7,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,2,5,5,0,0,5,5,0,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,4,
 +4,6,6,6,6,6,6,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,3,3,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
 +);
  
  
 +VAR Virscr : VirtPtr;                      { Our first Virtual screen }
 +    VirScr2 : VirtPtr;                     { Our second Virtual screen }
 +    Vaddr  : word;                      { The segment of our virtual screen}
 +    Vaddr2 : Word;                      { The segment of our 2nd virt. screen}
 +    ourpal : Array [0..255,1..3] of byte; { A virtual pallette }
 +    toaster : Array [1..10] of toastinfo; { The toaster info }
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure SetMCGA;  { This procedure gets you into 320x200x256 mode. }
 +BEGIN
 +  asm
 +     mov        ax,0013h
 +     int        10h
 +  end;
 +END;
 +
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure SetText;  { This procedure returns you to text mode.  }
 +BEGIN
 +  asm
 +     mov        ax,0003h
 +     int        10h
 +  end;
 +END;
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure Cls (Col : Byte; Where:word);
 +   { This clears the screen to the specified color }
 +BEGIN
 +     asm
 +        push    es
 +        mov     cx, 32000;
 +        mov     es,[where]
 +        xor     di,di
 +        mov     al,[col]
 +        mov     ah,al
 +        rep     stosw
 +        pop     es
 +     End;
 +END;
 +
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure Putpixel (X,Y : Integer; Col : Byte; where:word);
 +  { This puts a pixel on the screen by writing directly to memory. }
 +BEGIN
 +  Asm
 +    push    ds
 +    push    es
 +    mov     ax,[where]
 +    mov     es,ax
 +    mov     bx,[X]
 +    mov     dx,[Y]
 +    push    bx                      {; and this again for later}
 +    mov     bx, dx                  {; bx = dx}
 +    mov     dh, dl                  {; dx = dx * 256}
 +    xor     dl, dl
 +    shl     bx, 1
 +    shl     bx, 1
 +    shl     bx, 1
 +    shl     bx, 1
 +    shl     bx, 1
 +    shl     bx, 1                   {; bx = bx * 64}
 +    add     dx, bx                  {; dx = dx + bx (ie y*320)}
 +    pop     bx                      {; get back our x}
 +    add     bx, dx                  {; finalise location}
 +    mov     di, bx
 +    {; es:di = where to go}
 +    xor     al,al
 +    mov     ah, [Col]
 +    mov     es:[di],ah
 +    pop     es
 +    pop     ds
 +  End;
 +END;
 +
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +procedure WaitRetrace; assembler;
 +  {  This waits for a vertical retrace to reduce snow on the screen }
 +label
 +  l1, l2;
 +asm
 +    mov dx,3DAh
 +l1:
 +    in al,dx
 +    and al,08h
 +    jnz l1
 +l2:
 +    in al,dx
 +    and al,08h
 +    jz  l2
 +end;
 +
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure Pal(Col,R,G,B : Byte);
 +  { This sets the Red, Green and Blue values of a certain color }
 +Begin
 +   asm
 +      mov    dx,3c8h
 +      mov    al,[col]
 +      out    dx,al
 +      inc    dx
 +      mov    al,[r]
 +      out    dx,al
 +      mov    al,[g]
 +      out    dx,al
 +      mov    al,[b]
 +      out    dx,al
 +   end;
 +End;
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure GetPal(Col : Byte; Var R,G,B : Byte);
 +  { This gets the Red, Green and Blue values of a certain color }
 +Var
 +   rr,gg,bb : Byte;
 +Begin
 +   asm
 +      mov    dx,3c7h
 +      mov    al,col
 +      out    dx,al
 +
 +      add    dx,2
 +
 +      in     al,dx
 +      mov    [rr],al
 +      in     al,dx
 +      mov    [gg],al
 +      in     al,dx
 +      mov    [bb],al
 +   end;
 +   r := rr;
 +   g := gg;
 +   b := bb;
 +end;
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure SetUpVirtual;
 +   { This sets up the memory needed for the virtual screen }
 +BEGIN
 +  GetMem (VirScr,64000);
 +  vaddr := seg (virscr^);
 +  GetMem (VirScr2,64000);
 +  vaddr2 := seg (virscr2^);
 +END;
 +
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure ShutDown;
 +   { This frees the memory used by the virtual screen }
 +BEGIN
 +  FreeMem (VirScr,64000);
 +  FreeMem (VirScr2,64000);
 +END;
 +
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +procedure flip(source,dest:Word);
 +  { This copies the entire screen at "source" to destination }
 +begin
 +  asm
 +    push    ds
 +    mov     ax, [Dest]
 +    mov     es, ax
 +    mov     ax, [Source]
 +    mov     ds, ax
 +    xor     si, si
 +    xor     di, di
 +    mov     cx, 32000
 +    rep     movsw
 +    pop     ds
 +  end;
 +end;
 +
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure putico(X,Y:Word;VAR sprt : icon;Where:Word); ASSEMBLER;
 +  { This puts an icon, EXCEPT it's color 0 (black) pixels, onto the screen
 +    "where", at position X,Y }
 +label
 +  _Redraw, _DrawLoop, _Exit, _LineLoop, _NextLine, _Store, _NoPaint;
 +
 +asm
 +    push  ds
 +    push  es
 +    lds   si,Sprt
 +    mov   ax,X     { ax = x }
 +    mov   bx,Y     { bx = y }
 +_Redraw:
 +    push    ax
 +    mov     ax,[where]
 +    mov     es,ax
 +
 +    mov     ax, bx                  {; ax = bx  x = y}
 +    mov     bh, bl                  {; y = y * 256  bx = bx * 256}
 +    xor     bl, bl
 +    shl     ax, 1
 +    shl     ax, 1
 +    shl     ax, 1
 +    shl     ax, 1
 +    shl     ax, 1
 +    shl     ax, 1                   {; y = y * 64   ax = ax * 64}
 +    add     bx, ax                  {; y = (y*256) + (Y*64)  bx = bx + ax (ie y*320)}
 +
 +    pop     ax                      {; get back our x}
 +
 +
 +    add     ax, bx                  {; finalise location}
 +    mov     di, ax
 +
 +    mov   dl,30    { dl = height of sprite }
 +    xor   ch,ch
 +    mov   cl,48     { cx = width of sprite }
 +    cld
 +    push  ax
 +    mov   ax,cx
 +_DrawLoop:
 +    push  di            { store y adr. for later }
 +    mov   cx,ax          { store width }
 +_LineLoop:
 +    mov   bl,byte ptr [si]
 +    or    bl,bl
 +    jnz   _Store
 +_NoPaint:
 +    inc    si
 +    inc    di
 +    loop   _LineLoop
 +    jmp    _NextLine
 +_Store:
 +    movsb
 +    loop  _LineLoop
 +_NextLine:
 +    pop   di
 +    dec   dl
 +    jz    _Exit
 +    add   di,320        { di = next line of sprite }
 +    jmp   _DrawLoop
 +_Exit:
 +    pop   ax
 +    pop   es
 +    pop   ds
 +end;
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure Funny_line(a,b,c,d:integer;where:word);
 +  { This procedure draws a line from a,b to c,d on screen "where". After
 +    each pixel it plots, it increments a color counter for the next pixel.
 +    you may easily alter this to be a normal line procedure, and it will
 +    be quite a bit faster than the origional one I gave you. This is
 +    because I replaced all the reals with integers. }
 +
 +  function sgn(a:real):integer;
 +  begin
 +       if a>0 then sgn:=+1;
 +       if a<0 then sgn:=-1;
 +       if a=0 then sgn:=0;
 +  end;
 +var i,s,d1x,d1y,d2x,d2y,u,v,m,n:integer;
 +    count:integer;
 +begin
 +     count:=50;
 +     u:= c - a;
 +     v:= d - b;
 +     d1x:= SGN(u);
 +     d1y:= SGN(v);
 +     d2x:= SGN(u);
 +     d2y:= 0;
 +     m:= ABS(u);
 +     n := ABS(v);
 +     IF NOT (M>N) then
 +     BEGIN
 +          d2x := 0 ;
 +          d2y := SGN(v);
 +          m := ABS(v);
 +          n := ABS(u);
 +     END;
 +     s := m shr 1;
 +     FOR i := 0 TO m DO
 +     BEGIN
 +          putpixel(a,b,count,where);
 +          inc (count);
 +          if count=101 then count:=50;
 +          s := s + n;
 +          IF not (s<m) THEN
 +          BEGIN
 +               s := s - m;
 +               a:= a + d1x;
 +               b := b + d1y;
 +          END
 +          ELSE
 +          BEGIN
 +               a := a + d2x;
 +               b := b + d2y;
 +          END;
 +     end;
 +END;
 +
 +
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure SetUpScreen;
 +  { This procedure sets up the static background to be used in the program }
 +
 +CONST circ : Array [1..5,1..5] of byte =
 +        ((0,10,10,10,0),
 +         (10,13,12,11,10),
 +         (10,12,12,11,10),
 +         (10,11,11,11,10),
 +         (0,10,10,10,0));
 +
 +VAR x,y:integer;
 +    loop1,loop2,loop3:integer;
 +
 +BEGIN
 +  pal (1,22,22,22);
 +  pal (2,45,45,45);
 +  pal (3,59,59,59);
 +  pal (4,63,63,27);
 +  pal (5,39,63,3);
 +  pal (6,51,39,3);
 +  pal (7,3,27,3);
 +  pal (8,15,39,15);
 +  pal (9,35,35,35);
 +  pal (10, 0, 0,40);
 +  pal (11,10,10,50);
 +  pal (12,20,20,60);
 +  pal (13,30,30,63);
 +
 +  For loop1:=50 to 100 do
 +    pal (loop1,0,0,loop1-36);
 +
 +  For loop1:=0 to 255 do
 +     getpal (loop1,OurPal[loop1,1],OurPal[loop1,2],OurPal[loop1,3]);
 +
 +  For loop1:=0 to 319 do
 +    Funny_line (0,199,loop1,0,vaddr);
 +  For loop1:=0 to 199 do
 +    Funny_line (0,199,319,loop1,vaddr);
 +
 +  For loop1:=1 to 200 do BEGIN
 +    x:=random (315);
 +    y:=random (195);
 +    For loop2:=1 to 5 do
 +      For loop3:=1 to 5 do
 +        if circ [loop2,loop3]<>0 then
 +          putpixel (x+loop2,y+loop3,circ [loop2,loop3],vaddr);
 +  END;
 +  flip (vaddr,vga);  { Copy the entire screen at vaddr, our virtual screen }
 +                     { on which we have done all our graphics, onto the    }
 +                     { screen you see, VGA }
 +  flip (vaddr,vaddr2);
 +END;
 +
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure rotatepal;
 +  { This procedure rotates the colors between 50 and 100 }
 +VAR temp : Array [1..3] of byte;
 +    loop1:integer;
 +BEGIN
 +  Move(OurPal[100],Temp,3);
 +  Move(OurPal[50],OurPal[51],50*3);
 +  Move(Temp,OurPal[50],3);
 +  For loop1:=50 to 100 do
 +    pal (loop1,OurPal[loop1,1],OurPal[loop1,2],OurPal[loop1,3]);
 +END;
 +
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure ScreenTrans (x,y:word);
 +  { This is a small procedure to copy a 30x30 pixel block from coordinates
 +    x,y on the virtual screen to coordinates x,y on the true vga screen }
 +BEGIN
 +  asm
 +    push    ds
 +    push    es
 +    mov     ax,vaddr
 +    mov     es,ax
 +    mov     ax,vaddr2
 +    mov     ds,ax
 +    mov     bx,[X]
 +    mov     dx,[Y]
 +    push    bx                      {; and this again for later}
 +    mov     bx, dx                  {; bx = dx}
 +    mov     dh, dl                  {; dx = dx * 256}
 +    xor     dl, dl
 +    shl     bx, 1
 +    shl     bx, 1
 +    shl     bx, 1
 +    shl     bx, 1
 +    shl     bx, 1
 +    shl     bx, 1                   {; bx = bx * 64}
 +    add     dx, bx                  {; dx = dx + bx (ie y*320)}
 +    pop     bx                      {; get back our x}
 +    add     bx, dx                  {; finalise location}
 +    mov     di, bx                  {; es:di = where to go}
 +    mov     si, di
 +    mov     al,60
 +    mov     bx, 30         { Hight of block to copy }
 +@@1 :
 +    mov     cx, 24         { Width of block to copy divided by 2 }
 +    rep     movsw
 +    add     di,110h        { 320 - 48 = 272 .. or 110 in hex }
 +    add     si,110h
 +    dec     bx
 +    jnz     @@1
 +
 +    pop     es
 +    pop     ds
 +  end;
 +  { I wrote this procedure late last night, so it may not be in it's
 +    most optimised state. Sorry :-)}
 +END;
 +
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure NewToaster;
 +  { This adds a new toaster to the screen }
 +VAR loop1:integer;
 +BEGIN
 +  loop1:=0;
 +  repeat
 +    inc (loop1);
 +    if not (toaster[loop1].active) then BEGIN
 +      toaster[loop1].x:=random (200)+70;
 +      toaster[loop1].y:=0;
 +      toaster[loop1].active:=true;
 +      toaster[loop1].frame:=1;
 +      toaster[loop1].speed:=Random (3)+1;
 +      loop1:=10;
 +    END;
 +  until loop1=10;
 +END;
 +
 +
 +{ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ}
 +Procedure Fly;
 +  { This is the procedure where we move and put the toasters }
 +VAR loop1,loop2:integer;
 +    ch:char;
 +BEGIN
 +  For loop1:=1 to 10 do
 +    toaster[loop1].active:=FALSE;
 +  ch:=#0;
 +  NewToaster;
 +  Repeat
 +    if keypressed then BEGIN
 +      ch:=readkey;
 +      if ch='+' then NewToaster;      { If '+' is pressed, add a toaster }
 +      if ch='-' then BEGIN            { if '-' is pressed, remove a toaster }
 +        loop1:=0;
 +        repeat
 +          inc (loop1);
 +          if toaster[loop1].active then BEGIN
 +            screentrans (toaster[loop1].x,toaster[loop1].y);
 +            toaster [loop1].active:=FALSE;
 +            loop1:=10;
 +          END;
 +        until loop1=10;
 +      END;
 +    END;
 +    for loop1:=1 to 10 do
 +      if toaster[loop1].active then BEGIN
 +        screentrans (toaster[loop1].x,toaster[loop1].y);
 +          { Restore the backgrond the toaster was over }
 +        dec (toaster[loop1].x,toaster[loop1].speed);
 +        inc (toaster[loop1].y,toaster[loop1].speed);
 +          { Move the toaster }
 +        if (toaster[loop1].x<1) or (toaster[loop1].y>170) then BEGIN
 +          toaster[loop1].active:=FALSE;
 +          NewToaster;
 +        END;
 +          { When toaster reaches the edge of the screen, render it inactive
 +            and bring a new one into existance. }
 +      END;
 +    for loop1:=1 to 10 do
 +      if toaster[loop1].active then BEGIN
 +        CASE toaster [loop1].frame of
 +           1   : putico (toaster[loop1].x,toaster[loop1].y,frame1,vaddr);
 +           3   : putico (toaster[loop1].x,toaster[loop1].y,frame2,vaddr);
 +           2,4 : putico (toaster[loop1].x,toaster[loop1].y,frame3,vaddr);
 +        END;
 +        toaster[loop1].frame:=toaster[loop1].frame+1;
 +        if toaster [loop1].frame=5 then toaster[loop1].frame:=1;
 +          { Draw all the toasters on the VGA screen }
 +      END;
 +    waitretrace;
 +    flip (vaddr,vga);
 +    rotatepal;
 +  Until ch=#27;
 +END;
 +
 +
 +BEGIN
 +  Randomize;       { Make sure that the RANDOM funcion really is random }
 +  SetupVirtual;    { Set up virtual page, VADDR }
 +  ClrScr;
 +  writeln ('Hello! This program will demonstrate the principals of animation.');
 +  writeln ('The program will firstly generate an arb background screen to a');
 +  writeln ('virtual page, then flip it to the VGA. A toaster will then start');
 +  writeln ('to move across the screen. Note that the background will be restored');
 +  writeln ('after the toaster has passed over it. You may add or remove toasters');
 +  writeln ('by hitting "+" or "-" respectively. Note that the more frames you');
 +  writeln ('use, usually the better the routine looks. Because of space');
 +  writeln ('restrictions, we only had room for three frames.');
 +  writeln;
 +  writeln ('The toasters were drawn by Fubar (Pieter Buys) in Autodesk Animator.');
 +  writeln ('I wrote a small little program to convert them into CONSTANTS. See');
 +  writeln ('the main text to find out how to load up AA CEL files directly.');
 +  writeln;
 +  writeln;
 +  Write ('  Hit any key to contine ...');
 +  Readkey;
 +  SetMCGA;
 +  SetupScreen;     { Draw the background screen to VADDR, then flip it to
 +                     the VGA screen }
 +  Fly;             { Make the toasters fly around the screen }
 +  SetText;
 +  ShutDown;        { Free the memory taken up by virtual page }
 +  Writeln ('All done. This concludes the seventh sample program in the ASPHYXIA');
 +  Writeln ('Training series. You may reach DENTHOR under the names of GRANT');
 +  Writeln ('SMITH/DENTHOR/ASPHYXIA on the ASPHYXIA BBS. I am also an avid');
 +  Writeln ('Connectix BBS user, which is unfortunatly offline for the moment.');
 +  Writeln ('For discussion purposes, I am also the moderator of the Programming');
 +  Writeln ('newsgroup on the For Your Eyes Only BBS.');
 +  Writeln ('The numbers are available in the main text. You may also write to me at:');
 +  Writeln ('             Grant Smith');
 +  Writeln ('             P.O. Box 270');
 +  Writeln ('             Kloof');
 +  Writeln ('             3640');
 +  Writeln ('I hope to hear from you soon!');
 +  Writeln; Writeln;
 +  Write   ('Hit any key to exit ...');
 +  Readkey;
 +END.
 +</code>
 +
 +=== C ===
 +
 +<code c>
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// TUTPROG7.CPP - VGA Trainer Program 7 (in Turbo C++ 3.0)                 //
 +//                                                                         //
 +// "The VGA Trainer Program" is written by Denthor of Asphyxia. However it //
 +// was limited to only Pascal in its first run.  All I have done is taken  //
 +// his original release, translated it to C++ and touched up a few things. //
 +// I take absolutely no credit for the concepts presented in this code and //
 +// am NOT the person to ask for help if you are having trouble.            //
 +//                                                                         //
 +// Program Notes : This program demonstrates animation.  Several of the    //
 +//                 functions have been converted to assembler.  This       //
 +//                 tutorial is a whopper, so just take your time.          //
 +//                                                                         //
 +//                 If you are compiling this program from within the       //
 +//                 Turbo C++ environment, you must go under Options,       //
 +//                 Debugger, and change the "Program Heap Size" to a value //
 +//                 132 or greater.  If you are going to be fooling around  //
 +//                 with the code a bit, I suggest raising this to about    //
 +//                 150 just to be on the safe side.  You don't have to     //
 +//                 worry about this if you are compiling command line.     //
 +//                                                                         //
 +//                 Just for reference, this is what I use:                 //
 +//                                                                         //
 +//                    tcc tut7 -mc -a -G -2 -O                             //
 +//                                                                         //
 +//                 The Compact memory model (-mc) seems to provide the     //
 +//                 best results for this tutorial.  Remember, use this     //
 +//                 memory model when you have little code (less than 64k)  //
 +//                 and lots of data.                                       //
 +//                                                                         //
 +// Author        : Grant Smith (Denthor) - denthor@beastie.cs.und.ac.za    //
 +// Translator    : Christopher G. Mann   - r3cgm@dax.cc.uakron.edu         //
 +//                                                                         //
 +// Last Modified : January 6, 1995                                         //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +//               //
 +// INCLUDE FILES //
 +//               //
 +
 +  #include <alloc.h>
 +                           // farcalloc()
 +  #include <conio.h>
 +                           // clrscr(), getch(), kbhit()
 +  #include <dos.h>
 +                           // FP_SEG, geninterrupt()
 +  #include <iostream.h>
 +                           // cout, memmove()
 +  #include <stdlib.h>
 +                           // abs(), exit(), randomize(), random()
 +
 +//          //
 +// TYPEDEFS //
 +//          //
 +
 +  typedef unsigned char byte;
 +  typedef unsigned int  word;
 +
 +//              //
 +// TOASTER DATA //
 +//              //
 +
 +const byte FRAME1[] = {
 +0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,
 +7,7,7,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,
 +5,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,8,8,7,7,7,7,7,7,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,5,5,7,7,7,7,7,8,8,7,8,8,7,8,7,8,7,7,7,5,8,8,8,8,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,
 +5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,7,7,7,7,7,7,8,7,7,7,8,7,7,7,7,7,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,8,5,5,5,
 +5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,7,7,8,8,7,7,8,7,7,8,7,7,7,7,7,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,7,8,8,8,7,7,8,7,7,8,7,7,7,
 +7,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,7,8,8,8,7,7,
 +8,8,8,8,8,8,7,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,
 +9,5,7,8,8,8,8,8,7,7,8,8,7,7,7,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,5,7,7,8,8,8,8,7,7,8,8,7,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,
 +1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,5,7,8,8,7,7,8,8,7,8,8,8,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,5,7,8,8,7,7,7,7,8,8,7,7,7,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,7,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,7,
 +7,7,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,7,
 +7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,
 +1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,4,
 +4,6,6,6,6,6,6,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,3,3,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
 +};
 +
 +const byte FRAME2[] = {
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,5,
 +5,5,5,5,5,5,5,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,
 +1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,5,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,
 +5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,1,7,1,4,
 +4,6,6,6,6,6,6,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,5,5,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,3,3,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,5,5,
 +5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,9,9,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,
 +1,7,7,1,7,1,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,1,7,7,7,1,1,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,1,1,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,
 +5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
 +};
 +
 +const byte FRAME3[] = {
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,9,9,9,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,7,7,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,7,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,7,1,1,7,7,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,5,5,5,1,7,7,7,7,5,5,5,5,5,5,
 +5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,7,1,7,7,7,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,1,1,1,7,7,
 +1,1,7,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,7,1,1,7,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,1,7,7,7,1,7,7,7,7,7,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,1,7,7,7,7,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,1,1,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,0,7,7,1,7,1,7,1,1,
 +1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,
 +7,7,7,7,7,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,5,5,5,5,5,5,
 +5,5,5,5,5,0,0,0,7,7,0,0,7,7,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,2,5,5,0,0,5,5,0,5,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,
 +2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,4,
 +4,6,6,6,6,6,6,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,3,3,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,
 +9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
 +1,1,1,1,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,9,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
 +0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
 +};
 +
 +//           //
 +// CONSTANTS //
 +//           //
 +
 +  const VGA = 0xa000;         // The address of our VGA screen
 +  const ICON = 30*48;         // This is the size of our pictures
 +  const NUMTOASTERS = 10;     // The maximum number of toasters we have
 +  const NUMCIRCLES = 200;     // The number of little circles on the screen
 +  const TRUE = 1;
 +  const FALSE = 0;
 +
 +//                     //
 +// FUNCTION PROTOTYPES //
 +//                     //
 +
 +  // GENERAL VIDEO TOOLS
 +  void SetMCGA     ();
 +  void SetText     ();
 +  void Cls         (byte Col, word Where);
 +  void Putpixel    (word X, word Y, byte Col, word Where);
 +  void WaitRetrace ();
 +  void Pal         (byte Col, byte  R, byte  G, byte  B);
 +  void GetPal      (byte Col, byte &R, byte &G, byte &B);
 +
 +  // MID-LEVEL FUNCTIONS
 +  void SetUpVirtual();
 +  void ShutDown    ();
 +  void Flip        (word source, word dest);
 +  void Putico      (word X, word Y, const byte *sprt, word Where);
 +  void Funny_line  (int a, int b, int c, int d, word where);
 +   int sgn         (int a);
 +  void SetUpScreen ();
 +  void Rotatepal   ();
 +  void ScreenTrans (word x, word y);
 +  void NewToaster  ();
 +  void Fly         ();
 +
 +//            //
 +// STRUCTURES //
 +//        //
 +
 +  struct Toastinfo {
 +    int      x;
 +    int      y;
 +    word     speed;
 +    word     frame;
 +    byte     active;
 +  };
 +
 +//                              //
 +// GLOBAL VARIABLE DECLARATIONS //
 +//                              //
 +
 +  byte far *Virscr1=NULL, *Virscr2=NULL;  // Pointers to both virtual screens
 +  word Vaddr1, Vaddr2;                    // Segments of both virtual screens
 +  byte ourpal[256][3];                    // A virtual pallette
 +  Toastinfo toaster[NUMTOASTERS];         // The toaster info
 +
 +
 +///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                           //
 +//                                MAIN FUNCTION                              //
 +//                                                                           //
 +///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void main() {
 +
 +  randomize();    // Make sure that the random() function really is random
 +  SetUpVirtual(); // Set up the virtual screens and get their segments
 +
 +  clrscr();
 +  cout
 +    << "Hello! This program will demonstrate the principals of animation.\n"
 +    << "The program will firstly generate an arb background screen to a\n"
 +    << "virtual page, then flip it to the VGA. A toaster will then start\n"
 +    << "to move across the screen. Note that the background will be restored\n"
 +    << "after the toaster has passed over it. You may add or remove toasters\n"
 +    << "by hitting ""+"" or ""-"" respectively. Note that the more frames you\n"
 +    << "use, usually the better the routine looks. Because of space\n"
 +    << "restrictions, we only had room for three frames.\n\n";
 +  cout
 +    << "The toasters were drawn by Fubar (Pieter Buys) in Autodesk Animator.\n"
 +    << "I wrote a small little program to convert them into CONSTANTS. See\n"
 +    << "the main text to find out how to load up AA CEL files directly.\n\n\n";
 +  cout << "Hit any key to continue...";
 +  getch();
 +
 +  SetMCGA();
 +  SetUpScreen();  // Draw background screen to Vaddr1, then flip to VGA
 +  Fly();          // Make the toasters fly around the screen.
 +  SetText();
 +  ShutDown();     // Free the memory taken up by virtual pages
 +
 +  cout
 +    << "All done. This concludes the seventh sample program in the ASPHYXIA\n"
 +    << "Training series. You may reach DENTHOR under the names of GRANT\n"
 +    << "SMITH/DENTHOR/ASPHYXIA on the ASPHYXIA BBS. I am also an avid\n"
 +    << "Connectix BBS user, which is unfortunatly offline for the moment.\n"
 +    << "For discussion purposes, I am also the moderator of the Programming\n"
 +    << "newsgroup on the For Your Eyes Only BBS.\n"
 +    << "The numbers are available in the main text. You may also write to me at:\n"
 +    << "             Grant Smith\n"
 +    << "             P.O. Box 270\n"
 +    << "             Kloof\n"
 +    << "             3640\n"
 +    << "I hope to hear from you soon!\n\n\n";
 +  cout << "Hit any key to exit...";
 +  getch();
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// SetMCGA() - This function gets you into 320x200x256 mode.               //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void SetMCGA() {
 +  _AX = 0x0013;
 +  geninterrupt (0x10);
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// SetText() - This function gets you into text mode.                      //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void SetText() {
 +  _AX = 0x0003;
 +  geninterrupt (0x10);
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// Cls() - This clears the screen at location Where to color Col           //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void Cls(byte Col, word Where) {
 +  asm {
 +    push    es           // save ES
 +    mov     cx, 32000    // this is our loop counter.  we want to clear
 +                         //   64000 bytes of memory, so why do we use 32000?
 +                         //   1 word = 2 bytes, and we are moving a word at
 +                         //   a time
 +    mov     es, [Where]  // move address in Where to ES
 +    xor     di, di       // zero out DI
 +    mov     al, [Col]    // move color to AL
 +    mov     ah, al       // move color to AH (Remember, will be moving
 +                         //   a WORDS, so we need two copies
 +    rep     stosw        // copy AX to Where and drecrement CX by 1
 +                         //   until CX equals 0
 +    pop     es           // restore ES
 +  }
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// Putpixel() - This puts a pixel on the screen by writing directly to     //
 +//              memory.                                                    //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void Putpixel (word X, word Y, byte Col, word Where) {
 +  asm {
 +    push    ds           // save DS
 +    push    es           // save ES
 +    mov     ax, [Where]  // move segment of Where to AX
 +    mov     es, ax       // set ES to segment of Where
 +    mov     bx, [X]      // set BX to X
 +    mov     dx, [Y]      // set DX to Y
 +    push    bx           // save BX (our X value)
 +    mov     bx, dx       // now BX and DX are equal to Y
 +    mov     dh, dl       // copy DL to DH (multiply Y by 256)
 +    xor     dl, dl       // zero out DL
 +    shl     bx, 6        // shift BX left 6 places (multiply Y by 64).
 +    add     dx, bx       // add BX to DX (Y*64 + Y*256 = Y*320)
 +    pop     bx           // restore BX (X coordinate)
 +    add     bx, dx       // add BX to DX (Y*320 + X).  this gives you
 +                         //   the offset in memory you want
 +    mov     di, bx       // move the offset to DI
 +    xor     al, al       // zero out AL
 +    mov     ah, [Col]    // move value of Col into AH
 +    mov     es:[di], ah  // move Col to the offset in memory (DI)
 +    pop     es           // restore ES
 +    pop     ds           // restore DS
 +  }
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// WaitRetrace() - This waits until you are in a Verticle Retrace.         //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void WaitRetrace() {
 +
 +  asm mov dx,0x03DA
 +
 +  l1: asm {
 +    in      al,dx;
 +    and     al,0x08;
 +    jnz     l1;
 +  }
 +  l2: asm {
 +    in      al,dx;
 +    and     al,0x08;
 +    jz      l2;
 +  }
 +
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// Pal() - This sets the Red, Green, and Blue values of a certain color.   //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void Pal (byte Col, byte  R, byte  G, byte  B) {
 +  asm {
 +    mov     dx, 0x3C8    // load DX with 3C8 (write pallette function)
 +    mov     al, [Col]    // move color to AL
 +    out     dx, al       // write DX to the VGA (tell VGA that we want to
 +                         //   work with the color in AL
 +    inc     dx           // load DX with 3C9 (write RGB colors)
 +    mov     al, [R]      // move Red   to AL
 +    out     dx, al       // write DX to VGA (tell VGA that we want to use
 +                         //   the Red value in AL
 +    mov     al, [G]      // move Green to AL
 +    out     dx, al       // write DX to VGA
 +    mov     al, [B]      // move Blue  to AL
 +    out     dx, al       // write DX to VGA
 +  }
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// GetPal() - This reads the values of the Red, Green, and Blue values of  //
 +//            a certain color.  This function uses pass-by-reference.      //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void GetPal (byte Col, byte &R, byte &G, byte &B) {
 +
 +  byte rr,gg,bb;
 +
 +  asm {
 +    mov     dx, 0x03C7   // load DX with 3C7 (read pallette function)
 +    mov     al, [Col]    // move color to AL
 +    out     dx, al       // write DX to the VGA (tell VGA that we want to
 +                         //   work with the color in AL
 +    add     dx, 2        // load DX with 3C9 (read RGB colors)
 +    in      al, dx       // read Red   to AL
 +    mov     [rr],al      // copy AL to rr
 +    in      al, dx       // read Green to AL
 +    mov     [gg],al      // copy AL to gg
 +    in      al, dx       // read Blue  to AL
 +    mov     [bb],al      // copy AL to bb
 +  }
 +
 +  R = rr;
 +  G = gg;
 +  B = bb;
 +
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// SetUpVirtual() - This sets up the memory needed for the virtual screen. //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void SetUpVirtual() {
 +
 +  Virscr1 = (byte far *) farcalloc(64000,1);
 +  Virscr2 = (byte far *) farcalloc(64000,1);
 +
 +  // always check to see if enough memory was allocated
 +  if ((Virscr1 == NULL) || (Virscr2 == NULL)) {
 +    SetText();
 +    cout << "Insufficient memory for virtual screens, exiting...";
 +    free(Virscr1);  // on the off chance that it allocated 1 but not 2,
 +            // deallocate the first.
 +    exit(1);
 +  }
 +
 +  Vaddr1 = FP_SEG(Virscr1);
 +  Vaddr2 = FP_SEG(Virscr2);
 +
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// ShutDown() - This frees the memory used by the virtual screen.          //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void ShutDown() {
 +
 +//  free(Virscr1);
 +//  free(Virscr2);
 +
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// Flip() - This copies the entire screen at "source" to destination.      //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void Flip(word source, word dest) {
 +  asm {
 +    push    ds           // save DS
 +    mov     ax, [dest]   // copy segment of destination to AX
 +    mov     es, ax       // set ES to point to destination
 +    mov     ax, [source] // copy segment of source to AX
 +    mov     ds, ax       // set DS to point to source
 +    xor     si, si       // zero out SI
 +    xor     di, di       // zero out DI
 +    mov     cx, 32000    // set our counter to 32000
 +    rep     movsw        // move source to destination by words.  decrement
 +                         //   CX by 1 each time until CX is 0
 +    pop     ds           // restore DS
 +  }
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// Putico() - This puts an icon, EXCEPT it's color 0 (black) pixels, onto  //
 +//            the screen "where", at position X,Y                          //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void Putico(word X, word Y, const byte *sprt, word Where) {
 +  asm {
 +    push    ds           // save DS
 +    push    es           // save ES
 +    lds     si, [sprt]   // set SI to offset of sprite
 +    mov     ax, X        // set AX equal to X
 +    mov     bx, Y        // set BX equal to Y
 +  }
 +  _Redraw: asm {
 +    push    ax           // save AX (X coordinate)
 +    mov     ax, [Where]  // copy segment of Where to AX
 +    mov     es, ax       // set ES to segment of Where
 +    mov     ax, bx       // set AX to BX (X)
 +    mov     bh, bl       // copy BL to BH (multiply Y by 256)
 +    xor     bl, bl       // zero out BL
 +    shl     ax, 6        // multiply AX by 64 (Y * 64)
 +    add     bx, ax       // add AX to BX (Y*64 + Y*256 = Y*320)
 +    pop     ax           // restore BX (X coordinate)
 +    add     ax, bx       // add BX to AX (Y*320 + X).  this gives you
 +                         //   the offset in memory you want
 +    mov     di, ax       // move the offset to DI
 +    mov     dl, 30       // set DL to height of sprite
 +    xor     ch, ch       // zero out CH
 +    mov     cl, 48       // set CL to width of sprite
 +    cld                  // clear direction flag.  if you did not do this,
 +                         //   the loop would go backward instead of forward
 +    push    ax           // save AX (offset in memory where you draw)
 +    mov     ax, cx       // set AX to CX (width)
 +  }
 +  _DrawLoop: asm {
 +    push    di           // save DI (offset in memory where you draw)
 +    mov     cx, ax       // set CX to AX (width)
 +  }
 +  _LineLoop: asm {       // DRAW THE DATA
 +    mov     bl,byte ptr [si]
 +                         // load byte of data from sprite to BL
 +    or      bl, bl       // no effect, but triggers zero flag
 +    jnz     _Store       // if previous statement did not trigger zero flag
 +                         //   (BL was not color 0) then jump to _Store
 +                         //   (write it to the screen).  in the description
 +                         //   of this function, it said that we would not be
 +                         //   putting color 0 on the screen, so the next
 +  }                      //   section skips over the pixel if it was 0.
 +
 +  _NoPaint: asm {        // SKIP OVER COLOR 0
 +    inc     si           // increment SI (skip to next pixel)
 +    inc     di           // increment DI (skip to next pixel)
 +    loop    _LineLoop    // decrement CX and jump to _LineLoop if CX is
 +                         //   not 0 (end of line)
 +    jmp     _NextLine    // if CX is 0 (end of line) jump to _NextLine
 +  }
 +  _Store: asm {          // COPY THE DATA
 +    movsb                // move the byte that DS:SI is pointing to into
 +                         //   ES:DI and increment SI and DI.
 +    loop    _LineLoop    // decrement CX and jump to _LineLoop if CX is
 +  }                      //   not 0 (end of line)
 +
 +  _NextLine: asm {       // START A NEW LINE
 +    pop     di           // restore address of line just drawn
 +    dec     dl           // decrement DL (height)
 +    jz      _Exit        // when DL equals 0, you are done drawing the sprite
 +    add     di, 320      // if not end of sprite, add 320 to DI so that we
 +                         //   start drawing the sprite on the next line
 +    jmp     _DrawLoop    // go back to _DrawLoop and start drawing the next
 +  }                      //   line
 +
 +  _Exit: asm {           // WE ARE DONE DRAWING THE SPRITE
 +    pop     ax           // restore AX
 +    pop     es           // restore ES
 +    pop     ds           // restore DS
 +  }
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// sgn() - This function is used by Line() to determine the sign of a long //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +int sgn (int a) {
 +
 +  if (a > 0)  return +1;
 +  if (a < 0)  return -1;
 +  return 0;
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// Funny_line() - This function draws a line from a,b, to c,d on screen    //
 +//                "where".  After it plots each pixel, it increments a     //
 +//                color counter for the next pixel.  You may easily alter  //
 +//                this to be a normal line function, and it will be quite  //
 +//                a bit faster than the original one I gave you.  This is  //
 +//                because I replaced all the floats with integers.         //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void Funny_line (int a, int b, int c, int d, word where) {
 +
 +int i,s,d1x,d1y,d2x,d2y,u,v,m,n,count;
 +
 +  count = 50;
 +  u = c - a;       // u = x2 - x1  (change in x)
 +  v = d - b;       // v = y2 - y1  (change in y)
 +
 +  d1x = sgn(u);    // d1x = sign of the change in x
 +  d1y = sgn(v);    // d1y = sign of the change in y
 +
 +  d2x = sgn(u);    // d2x = sign of the change in x
 +  d2y = 0;         // d2y = 0
 +  m = abs(u);      // m = positive change in x
 +  n = abs(v);      // n = positive change in y
 +
 +  if (m <= n) {
 +    d2x = 0;       // d2x = 0
 +    d2y = sgn(v);  // d2y = sign of the change in y
 +    m = abs(v);    // m = positive change in y
 +    n = abs(u);    // n = positive change in x
 +  }
 +  s = m / 2;       // s = half of the change in x/y
 +
 +  for (i=0;i<m+1;i++) {
 +    Putpixel(a,b,count,where);   // plot the original x1 and y1
 +    count++;                     // increment the color
 +    if (count > 100) count = 50; // if color is out of bounds, reset
 +    s += n;
 +    if (s >= m) {
 +      s -= m;
 +      a += d1x;
 +      b += d1y;
 +    }
 +    else {
 +      a += d2x;
 +      b += d2y;
 +    }
 +  }
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// SetUpScreen() - This procedure sets up the static background to be used //
 +//                 in the program.                                         //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void SetUpScreen() {
 +
 +  int x,y,loop1,loop2,loop3;
 +  const byte circ[5][5] = {{ 0,10,10,10, 0},
 +               {10,13,12,11,10},
 +               {10,12,12,11,10},
 +               {10,11,11,11,10},
 +               { 0,10,10,10, 0}};
 +
 +  // set the pallette for the toasters and some other things
 +  Pal (1 ,22,22,22);
 +  Pal (2 ,45,45,45);
 +  Pal (3 ,59,59,59);
 +  Pal (4 ,63,63,27);
 +  Pal (5 ,39,63, 3);
 +  Pal (6 ,51,39, 3);
 +  Pal (7 , 3,27, 3);
 +  Pal (8 ,15,39,15);
 +  Pal (9 ,35,35,35);
 +  Pal (10, 0, 0,40);
 +  Pal (11,10,10,50);
 +  Pal (12,20,20,60);
 +  Pal (13,30,30,63);
 +
 +  // set pallette colors 50-100 to blue values between 13 and 63
 +  for (loop1 = 50; loop1 < 101; loop1++)
 +    Pal (loop1,0,0,loop1-37);
 +
 +  // put a copy of the pallette into ourpal[]
 +  for (loop1 = 0; loop1 < 256; loop1++)
 +    GetPal (loop1,ourpal[loop1][0],ourpal[loop1][1],ourpal[loop1][2]);
 +
 +  // draw funny lines
 +  for (loop1 = 0; loop1 < 320; loop1++)
 +    Funny_line (0,199,loop1,0,Vaddr1);
 +  for (loop1 = 0; loop1 < 200; loop1++)
 +    Funny_line (0,199,319,loop1,Vaddr1);
 +
 +  // draw circles
 +  for (loop1 = 0; loop1 < 200; loop1++) {
 +    x = random (315);
 +    y = random (195);
 +    for (loop2 = 0; loop2 < 5; loop2++)
 +      for (loop3 = 0; loop3 < 5; loop3++)
 +      // don't plot a pixel if its color is 0
 +        if (circ[loop2][loop3] != 0)
 +          Putpixel(x+loop2,y+loop3,circ[loop2][loop3],Vaddr1);
 +  }
 +
 +  // Copy the entire screen at Vaddr1, our virtual screen on which we have
 +  // done all our graphics, onto the screen you see, VGA.
 +  Flip (Vaddr1,VGA);
 +  // also make a copy of the virtual screen to Vaddr2
 +  Flip (Vaddr1,Vaddr2);
 +
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// Rotatepal() - This function rotates the colors between 50 and 100.      //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void Rotatepal() {
 +
 +  byte temp[3];
 +  int loop1;
 +
 +  memmove(temp,ourpal[100],3);
 +  memmove(ourpal[51],ourpal[50],50*3);
 +  memmove(ourpal[50],temp,3);
 +  for (loop1 = 50; loop1 < 101; loop1++)
 +    Pal (loop1,ourpal[loop1][0],ourpal[loop1][1],ourpal[loop1][2]);
 +
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// ScreenTrans() - This is a small function to copy a 30x30 pixel block    //
 +//                 from coordinates x,y on the Vaddr1 to           //
 +//                 coordinates x,y on the true vga screen.                 //
 +//                                                                         //
 +// ERROR, from Vaddr1 to Vaddr2
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void ScreenTrans (word x, word y) {
 +  asm {
 +    push    ds           // save DS
 +    push    es           // save ES
 +    mov     ax,Vaddr1    // set AX to the segment of Virtual Screen 1
 +    mov     es,ax        // set ES to segment of Vaddr1
 +    mov     ax,Vaddr2    // set AX to the segment of Virtual Screen 2
 +    mov     ds,ax        // set DS to segment of Vaddr2
 +    mov     bx,[x]       // set BX to x
 +    mov     dx,[y]       // set DX to y
 +    push    bx           // save x coordinate
 +    mov     bx, dx       // copy y coordinate to BX
 +    mov     dh, dl       // multiply y*256
 +    xor     dl, dl       // zero out DL
 +    shl     bx, 6        // multiply y*64
 +    add     dx, bx       // add y*64 to y*256 to get y*320
 +    pop     bx           // restore x coordinate
 +    add     bx, dx       // finalize the location
 +    mov     di, bx       // set DI to offset of Virtual Screen 1
 +    mov     si, di       // set SI to offset of Virtual Screen 2
 +    mov     al,60        // I have no idea why this is here.
 +    mov     bx, 30       // set BX to height of block
 +  }
 +  _loop1: asm {
 +    mov     cx, 24       // set CX to width of block divided by 2
 +    rep     movsw        // copy the screens and decrement CX by 1 until
 +                         //   CX is 0
 +    add     di,0x110     // 320 - 48 = 272 .. or 110 in hex
 +    add     si,0x110
 +    dec     bx           // decrease number lines left to draw
 +    jnz     _loop1       // if not done go back to _loop1
 +    pop     es           // restore ES
 +    pop     ds           // restore DS
 +  }
 +
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// NewToaster() - This adds a new toaster to the screen.                   //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void NewToaster() {
 +
 +  int loop1 = 0;
 +
 +  do {
 +    if (toaster[loop1].active == FALSE) {
 +      toaster[loop1].x = random(200)+70;
 +      toaster[loop1].y = 0;
 +      toaster[loop1].active = TRUE;
 +      toaster[loop1].frame = 1;
 +      toaster[loop1].speed = random(3)+1;
 +      loop1 = 10;
 +    }
 +    loop1++;
 +  } while (loop1 < NUMTOASTERS);
 +
 +}
 +
 +
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +//                                                                         //
 +// Fly() - This is the function where we move and put the toasters.        //
 +//                                                                         //
 +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 +
 +void Fly() {
 +
 +  int loop1,loop2;
 +  char ch;
 +
 +  for (loop1 = 0; loop1 < NUMTOASTERS; loop1++)
 +    toaster[loop1].active = FALSE;
 +
 +  ch = '0'; // assign a dummy value to ch
 +  NewToaster();
 +
 +  do {
 +    // if a key is pressed...
 +
 +    if (kbhit()) {
 +      ch = getch();
 +      // if '+' is pressed, add a toaster
 +      if (ch == '+') NewToaster();
 +      // if '-' is pressed, remove a toaster
 +      if (ch == '-') {
 +        loop1 = 0; // start with toaster 0
 +        do {
 +          // if the loop1 toaster is active
 +          if (toaster[loop1].active == TRUE) {
 +            // draw the toaster on the screen
 +            ScreenTrans(toaster[loop1].x,toaster[loop1].y);
 +            // then make it false
 +            toaster[loop1].active = FALSE;
 +            // break out of the loop
 +            loop1 = 10;
 +          }
 +          // check the next toaster
 +          loop1++;
 +        } while (loop1 < NUMTOASTERS);
 +      }
 +    }
 +
 +    // if no key was pressed...
 +
 +    for (loop1 = 0; loop1 < NUMTOASTERS; loop1++) {
 +      if (toaster[loop1].active == TRUE) {
 +        // Restore the background the toaster was over
 +        ScreenTrans(toaster[loop1].x,toaster[loop1].y);
 +        // Move the toaster
 +        toaster[loop1].x -= toaster[loop1].speed;
 +        toaster[loop1].y += toaster[loop1].speed;
 +        // When toaster reaches the edge of the screen, render it inactive
 +        // and bring a new one into existance.
 +        if ((toaster[loop1].x < 0) || (toaster[loop1].y > 170)) {
 +          toaster[loop1].active = FALSE;
 +          NewToaster();
 +        }
 +      }
 +    }
 +
 +    // Draw all of the toasters
 +    for (loop1 = 0; loop1 < NUMTOASTERS; loop1++) {
 +      // ... but only if they are active
 +      if (toaster[loop1].active == TRUE)
 +        switch (toaster[loop1].frame) {
 +        case 1: Putico(toaster[loop1].x,toaster[loop1].y,FRAME1,Vaddr1); break;
 +        case 2: Putico(toaster[loop1].x,toaster[loop1].y,FRAME3,Vaddr1); break;
 +        case 3: Putico(toaster[loop1].x,toaster[loop1].y,FRAME2,Vaddr1); break;
 +        case 4: Putico(toaster[loop1].x,toaster[loop1].y,FRAME3,Vaddr1); break;
 +        }
 +      // increment the current frame of the toaster
 +      toaster[loop1].frame += 1;
 +      // reset the frame if it gets to 5
 +      if (toaster[loop1].frame == 5) toaster[loop1].frame = 1;
 +    }
 +
 +    WaitRetrace();
 +    Flip(Vaddr1,VGA);
 +    Rotatepal();
 +
 +    // if the key pressed above was 0 (escape key) then read the escape code
 +    if (ch == 0) ch = getch();
 +
 +  } while (ch != 27); // if the escape code was 27 (escape key) then exit
 +
 +}
 +</code>
  
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back2root/archives/denthor/part-07.1630573537.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2021/09/02 11:05 de frater

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